Supreme Court justices grapple with school speech case over cheerleader's profane Snapchat post

Supreme Court to hear Pennsylvania student snapchat case

A cheerleader was booted from her team over social media post. Reaction from Ilya Shapiro, Cato Supreme Court Review publisher.

The Supreme Court on Wednesday appeared to be leaning toward issuing a narrow ruling in the case of a student who was booted from her high school cheerleading team over an expletive-laden Snapchat post after she was cut from the varsity squad.

The dispute stems from Snapchat posts by then-high school sophomore Brandi Levy, which said “F— school f— softball f— cheer f— everything.” 

Levy’s lawyer argued that the critical Supreme Court precedent Tinker v. Des Moines doesn’t apply when a student is outside of school, otherwise students would be forced to “carry the schoolhouse on their backs … everywhere they go.” The lawyer for the school, meanwhile, said the “ubiquity” of the internet makes the time and place of a student’s speech “irrelevant” and said the content of Levy’s Snapchat disrupted the school environment

But the justices appeared suspicious of the sweeping arguments from both sides, worrying alternatively about squashing students’ rights outside of school or handcuffing schools in their efforts to address bullying or other harmful behaviors. 

Brandi Levy speaks with Fox News’ David Spunt about a Supreme Court case stemming from a pair of shapchats she posted as a sophomore in high school. (Fox News)

“I strongly share Justice Breyer’s instincts when he said we probably can’t write a treatise here,” Justice Brett Kavanaugh said during oral arguments. 

“I’m confused,” Justice Neil Gorsuch said in reaction to arguments by Lisa Blatt, the lawyer for the Mahanoy Area School District, where Levy was a student. Gorsuch said Blatt seemed to be contradicting herself on to what extent schools may regulate speech that applies to race and religion. 

“You’re making Tinker basically a geographic test,” Justice Elena Kagan told Levy’s lawyer. But, she continued, with how pervasive the internet is on and off campus, it’s difficult to tell “why we shouldn’t acknowledge that and allow the school to deal with it.” 

Gorsuch and Kavanaugh, meanwhile, challenged Levy’s lawyers on the more granular point of whether it mattered that Levy agreed to participate on an optional cheer team, where members are held to a higher standard than the rest of the student body. 

“It just seems entirely different to be talking about a team and not a school,” Kavanaugh said. 

In this April 23, 2021, file photo members of the Supreme Court pose for a group photo at the Supreme Court in Washington. Seated from left are Associate Justice Samuel Alito, Associate Justice Clarence Thomas, Chief Justice John Roberts, Associate Justice Stephen Breyer and Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor, Standing from left are Associate Justice Brett Kavanaugh, Associate Justice Elena Kagan, Associate Justice Neil Gorsuch and Associate Justice Amy Coney Barrett. Before the Supreme Court this is week is an argument over whether public schools can discipline students over something they say off-campus. (Erin Schaff/The New York Times via AP, Pool, File

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“Why doesn’t it make a difference that the speech here was addressed, by, in the context of an extracurricular activity?” Gorsuch asked. “I’m moving now from the general to the specific if we’re going to write a narrow opinion.”

“She didn’t actually violate any of those rules,” Levy’s attorney said, also noting that the school district didn’t appeal the case based on any alleged violation of rules from Levy. 

The justices also expressed a general concern over how specific the facts in the case were and whether they would be justified in issuing a ruling as far-reaching as either of the sides wanted. The court under Chief Justice John Roberts has often opted to decide cases on narrow grounds rather than upending or expanding long-established precedents like Tinker, which was decided in 1969. 

The issue of speech for students has become complicated in recent years with the phenomenon of cyber-bullying, as schools, students and courts seek to strike a balance over what speech schools can or should regulate. 

Some of the justices’ most pointed barbs, however, were reserved for Blatt as she presented the school’s case. 

“Is there in the record something that shows what this young woman did… caused a material and substantial disruption? I don’t see much evidence it did,” an exasperated Justice Stephen Breyer said.

Brandi Levy, a former cheerleader at Mahanoy Area High School in Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania and a key figure in a major U.S. case about free speech, uses her phone in an undated photograph provided by the American Civil Liberties Union.
(Danna Singer/Handout via REUTERS)

He continued to say that if swearing off-campus was punishable by a school, “I mean, my goodness, every school in the country would be doing nothing but punishing.”

“It didn’t hurt others as far as I’m aware,” Breyer said of Levy’s post. 

Blatt retorted that Levy “targeted the coaches, the sport” and her teammates, adding that someone who would say such things is “not somebody you’d want on the bottom of the pyramid.” 

Kavanaugh – known for his history as a youth basketball coach – invoked a well-known example of another athlete who was cut from a high school varsity team: Michael Jordan. 

“Arguably the greatest basketball player of all time, inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2009, and what does he talk about? He talks about getting cut as a sophomore from the varsity team,” Kavanaugh said. “He wasn’t joking. He was critical 30 years later. It still bothered him.”

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Kavanaugh also said that Levy’s post indicated that “she’s competitive, she cares, she blew off steam like millions of other kids.” 

“I understand that Michael Jordan was upset, but at some point presumably he was respectful to his coaches,” Blatt replied. 

A decision in the case is likely in May or June as the justices wrap up their current term, which began in October of last year, ahead of their summer recess. 

The Supreme Court is also expected to release major rulings in a number of other cases in the next couple of months. These may be indicative of the direction the court will take with Justice Amy Coney Barrett replacing the late Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. 

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